Oral vaccination of chickens against Newcastle disease with V4 vaccine delivered on processed rice grains     

GWL JAYAWARDANE  MCL DE  ALWTS DAWWDA BANDARA 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(10):364-366

An international effort (sponsored by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research) is being made to develop oral vaccines that will protect village chickens against Newcastle disease. The vaccines being used are derivatives of the avirulent Australian V4 strain that have been selected for enhanced heat resistance. The present study, undertaken in Sri Lanka, used local processed (parboiled) rice as a vehicle for the vaccine. Chickens receiving two doses of vaccine on cooked, parboiled rice were completely protected against contact challenge with the virulent SL 88/1 Sri Lankan strain of Newcastle disease virus Chickens kept in contact with these vaccinated chickens were similarly protected. Lower levels of protection were achieved with vaccine given on uncooked parboiled rice. V4 vaccine administered intranasally also gave complete protection. Serums from vaccinated chickens that survived challenge were tested for haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies, using both vaccine virus and challenge virus as antigens. Titres were higher against vaccine virus.  相似文献   

Lidocaine decay and hepatic extraction in the Pig     

B. METS  R. ALLIN  J. VAN DYKE  R. HICKMAN† 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1993,16(1):8-14

Plasma lidocaine decay after injection was studied in five anaesthetized pigs and fitted to a two compartment open model. Derived pharniacokinetic paranieter-s were eniployed to rapidly achieve plateau concentrations within 60 min of starting a two stage infusion of lidocaine hydrochloride. Hepatic extraction and clearance of lidocaine at steady state were determined in 10 pigs by transhep;ttic: sampling and nieasurenient of hepatic arterial and portal venous blood flow using perivascular ultrasonic flow probes placed at laparotomy. These data were compared with siniilar studies performed in man as well as the sheep, (log, monkey and cat. The lidocaine extraction ratio of 0.60 in the pig was found t o be similar to that determined by others in man.  相似文献   

Sulphadimidine metabolism in vitro: I. sex differences in acetylation and hydroxylation in cultured rat hepatocytes     

G. A. E. VAN T KLOOSTER  F. M. A. WOUTERSEN-VAN NIJNANTEN  B.J. BLAAUBOER†  J. NOORDHOEK†  A. S.J. P. A. M. VAN MIERT 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1993,16(3):343-349

The hydroxylation and acetylation of 0.5 mM sulphadimidine (SDD) was studied in primary cultures of hepatocytes from male and female rats, and from castrated male and sham operated male rats. In addition, SDD metabolism was investigated in hepatocytes from castrated male rats treated with testosterone, prior to liver cell isolation. In male rat hepatocytes a significantly higher hydroxylation activity was observed than in hepatocytes from female and castrated male rats. Acetylation activity was higher in females. Testosterone induced hydroxylation but did not affect acetylation. These results correlate well with data from previous in vivo studies, showing the relevance of this in vitro model.  相似文献   

Phenology of arable and hedgerow populations of Galium aparine L. in relation to climate and soil conditions     

R. Y. VAN DER  WEIDE 《Weed Research》1992,32(4):249-258

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Bioavailability of ketoprofen in horses after rectal administration     

S. CORVELEYN  P. DEPREZ†  G. VAN DER WEKEN‡  W. BAEYENS‡  J. P. REMON 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1996,19(5):359-363

Six healthy mares ranging in age from 6 to 12 years and weighing from 415 to 540 kg were used to determine the rectal bioavailability of ketoprofen. For the rectal administration, three different formulations, each containing 1 g of ketoprofen, were administered in a fatty and a hydrophilic suppository base and as a liquid suspension. An average elimination half-life of 1.3 h (±1.2) was found. The average value for the total plasma clearance ( Cl _T) was 131.9 mL/min.kg (range 95-183.5). The volume of distribution V _d(area) was 255 mL/kg and the mean residence time (MRT)P = 0.05; Friedman test). Despite the low rectal bioavailability obtained in this study, there was some evidence for the clinical effectiveness of the rectal formulations.  相似文献   

Mechanical Properties of Four Suture Patterns for Transected Equine Tendon Repair     

K. J. EASLEY DVM  MS    T. S. STASHAK DVM  MS  DiplomateACVS    F. W. SMITH PhD  G. VAN SLYKE BVSC 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):102-106

Thirty-six superficial digital flexor tendons from nine fresh equine cadavers were transected and sutured with size 2 monofilament nylon. Nine tendons were repaired with each of four suture patterns: single-locking loop, double-locking loop, triple-locking loop, or three-loop pulley. The times required for application, tensile strengths, resistance to distraction (gap), and modes of failure were analyzed. The mean times required were: single-locking loop, 3 mins, 15 secs; double-locking loop, 4 mins, 15 secs; triple-locking loop, 10 mins, 50 secs; and three-loop pulley, 4 mins. The double-locking loop, triple-locking loop, and three-loop pulley suture patterns were stronger than the single-locking loop. The triple-locking loop and three-loop pulley patterns were close in strength and only the triple-locking loop was stronger than the double-locking loop. The three-loop pulley had the greatest resistance to gap formation and its mode of failure was different from the others. The three-locking loop suture patterns failed by suture breakage but the three-loop pulley failed first by suture pull-out and then by suture breakage.  相似文献   

Heat Transfer Performance of Ethanol Tree-Dimensional Inner Micro-Fin Heat Pipe     

DE Jun  XIN Ming dao 《保鲜与加工》2003,(4):115-117

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Use of Spinach, Radish, and Perennial Ryegrass to Assess the Availability of Metals in Waste Foundry Sands     

Robert S. Dungan  Nikki H. Dees 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,180(1-4):213-223

Opencast coalmine effluent contains higher concentrations of Cd, Cr, Co, Ni and Pb. Biofiltration of these metals has been demonstrated successfully with the help of aquatic macrophytes i.e., E. crassipes, L. minor and A. pinnata. Experiments revealed E. crassipes reduced highest concentration of heavy metals followed by L. minor and A. pinnata on 20th days retention period. Plant tissue analysis revealed higher accumulation of metals in roots than leaves. Highly significant correlations have been noted between removal of heavy metals in effluent and their accumulation in roots and leaves of the experimental sets. Translocation factor also revealed lower transportation of metals from root to leaves. Reduction in chlorophyll and protein content was noted with the accumulation of heavy metals. N, P and K analysis in plant tissues indicated continuous decrease in their concentration with increasing metal concentration. Negative and significant correlations between metal accumulation and N, P and K concentrations in plant tissues showed adverse effects of heavy metals. Analysis of variance (Dunnett t-test) showed significant results (p?<?0.001) for all the metals in different durations.  相似文献   

SOIL STRUCTURE IN VERTISOLS OF THE BLUE NILE CLAY PLAINS, SUDAN     

J. H. DE  VOS t. N. C. K. J. VIRGO 《European Journal of Soil Science》1969,20(1):189-206

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Floras and oxygen     

VAN Valen L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1979,205(4412):1302

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